Does shared imagery prove identical worship?
Similar attributes can show artistic influence without establishing that two communities performed the same rituals or explained every divine role identically.
First tradition
Athena’s Greek visual vocabulary includes helmet, spear and aegis, but her cult roles also encompass skilled production and civic guardianship. Local practices varied across Greek communities.
Second tradition
Etruscan Menrva appears on inscribed mirrors and other objects, sometimes in scenes shaped by contact with Greek stories. These objects show cultural exchange and local adaptation.
How to compare responsibly
Read named artifacts alongside their language, place and medium before using the modern label “equivalent goddesses.”